Blood in the urine is commonly known as haematuria. Haematuria most commonly presents in small quantities and is often picked up on a routine screening by a simple dipstick test. Haematuria can also be diagnosed when urine is examined under the microscope (microscopic haematuria) or seen as red or brown discolouration of the urine (macroscopic haematuria).
Blood should not normally appear in the urine. The presence of blood therefore means that there could be a problem in any part of the urinary tract, from the kidneys, ureters, bladder, prostate gland or the urethra.